Yes, the original 3G spec was 384Kbps. Unlikely this is being used anywhere now.
HSDPA (3.5G) is available in various speeds. 1.2, 3.6, 7.2 and 14.4Mbps.
Very few EE or Three cells will be less than 7.2 now. Most cells now also employ enhanced uplink or HSUPA to improve upload speed to around 5.6Mbps.
HSPA+ (3.75G) can achieve 15-20Mbps in ideal conditions with DC-HSDPA potentially achieving up to 40Mbps but more likely 15-30.
As was said, LTE (3.9G) is still a 3G technology but doesn't suffer from cell breathing and power level variations like 3G so coverage and in building penetration is way better. Pretty much the same as 2G in fact.
LTE advanced will be true 4G and hopefully will be carried over 700Mhz spectrum.
iPhone speeds were/are....
iPhone 3G - HSDPA 3.6
3Gs - HSDPA 7.2
4 - HSDPA 7.2, HSUPA 5.6
4s - HSDPA 14.4 / 5.6
5 - HSPA+ / DC-HSDPA