Originally Posted by OLD HIPPY GUY:
“Yeah good idea I dunno how many times over we need to be able to kill every living thing on the planet but lets have more I say,
a study once showed that the effects of just one medium sized nuke exploded anywhere in the UK would completely overwhelm the entire NHS and it's ability to cope with the casualties.
saying we need more nukes to make us safer is a bit like two guys standing in a room up their waists in petrol and one of them saying that we need more matches because he has only 4 and the other guy has six.”
Nuclear weapons don't kill everything on the planet - they destroy the area for a few miles around where they hit , for a few decades., and, in big enough numbers, may massively disrupt whole societies. In small numbers , most of the country wouldn't immediately notice a limited nuclear strike - unless they were near the offending few targets.
If you don't replace your nuclear weapons , you don't have any, and thats what the US - outside Trump towers - is doing.
Deterrence requires enough capability to inflict enough damage on the attacker to make his attack, always, counterproductive. Damage on normal scales - like those from an earthquake- sn't going to deter in all circumstances. Israel can't deter an attack that would kill half its population, by killing 2 or 3% of Iran's .Iran lost 3 million fighting Iraq, won, and is still there. And China wouldn't be deterred by losing the same number of people, as a much smaller country.
If you depend on deterring attack, by threatening population and industry - which the UK hasn't since the sixties, the requirements tend to run high. China and Pakistan both aim to kill 100 million of their main opponents - in the US and India - because they have a lot of people and industry. So anyone facing such a capability, tends to have similar capability to fire back - because thats how the Pakistanis and Chinese view adequate deterrence - if
they think it needs threatening 100, theatening 5, may not work reliably enough. .
If you aim at strategic military targets, your requirements can run much lower. Your aim is to destroy the opponent's military power, and make an attack on you suicidal for them - because they will be massively weakened against everyone else. That means a lot fewer dead, but you need enough weapons to hit key industries, and miliary targets.
If you extend that to target enemy strategic weapons, your totals begin to go up - Iran has about 20 missile bases. It takes a thousand plus warhads to target Russian or US missile forces. If they are pointing a thousand warheads at your deterrent , and have a first strike capability - you need to match it, offensivley, or defensively , rather than assume they wouldn't use it in a crisis. . No one fires on warning , so your force has to be big enough to survive an attack, and big enough to be able to still deter everyone else too, and deter attack on allies. . Russia and the US are driven by those calculations - to minimum force levels in the 1500-2500 warhead range.
Threatening to blow up cities, and lose yours back isn't a great, or credible, idea , nor is launching a full scale attack - when one Russian missile blows up one Polish division. You need to be able to match each option - with a countervailing option that makes it pointless - to ensure deterrence. That means matching capabilities - and not leaving options. uncovered.
If you go back to the OPs question, Fance has twice as many nuclear weapons as we do - they think it needs 300. They plan to be able to pose more damage to a strategic attacker ,and have pre-strategic, fighterborne, weapons than can be used individually- to signal intent, destroy attacking ground forces, or retaliate for a limited nuclear attack. France doesn't need more than 300 warheads.
The UK has a limited capability compared to France. We target key strategic targets - that would undermine an opponent's military capability fatally - with up to 40 warheads on the operational submarine. . We no longer have hundreds of tactical and substrategic nucelar weapons, or as many raedy weapons, as we used to have on the bomber, or, pre 98, Trident, force. We have little ability to respond to a single limited strike, and would need two submarines at sea to do that, while keeping one secure protecting our cities. .
So if we wanted to offer a more effective deterrent to Europe, to replace Trump, we would need to move closer to France in terms of capability and more credible options. That would mean basically restoring warhead numbers to the levels of 1998 , and probably going ahead, again, with the RAF's air launched missile that was intended for the Tornado force, but cancelled back in the early 2000s.